Whilst ChrisF is pretty much spot on, and I believe that the person is trying to scam you for money, but there are a few times where MS Security Essentials can be out of date. If you have one of the early versions, there were a few manual updates every so often that updated the scan engine. These were not automatic and required you to do something.

An upgrade can take place on your existing device, though Microsoft recommends using Windows 10 on a new PC to take advantage of the latest features and security improvements. This FAQ is intended to answer questions about upgrading to Windows 10. An update ensures you have the most recent features and security improvements for your current

I spoke to some one at Microsoft yesterday who suggested I uninstall and re install MSE. I did this, but the issue persists. We are actually in a worse position now as before the uninstall/reinstall process we had definitions date Oct 2019, but now we don't have any definitions.
Even if you removed "Scan with Microsoft Security Essentials" context meu item, Microsoft Security Essentials progam updates may add it back. If it does, you'll just need to remove it again. 1. Do step 2 or 3 below for what you would like to do. 2. To Add "Scan with Microsoft Security Essentials" to Context Menu.
a. do a reset of Windows 10, which will remove all installed programs and data and will leave you with what will in essence be a clean Windows 10 installation with no programs installed. ** b. roll back to Windows 7, remove MSE, perform the upgrade to Windows 10 a second time. Microsoft Security Essentials still recieving updated definitions. Hey, so i noticed MSE definitions are still being updated through windows update for W7 (and maybe vista since it's the same version), even tho ESU recently ended. i admit i was quite surprised, pretty sure back in 2020 i read that MSE would end at the same time as ESU.
We have been having issues updating a client server. Server 2019 Essentials 64 bit v1809 (build 17763.2928). After updates are downloaded and installed, upon reboot, we get BSOD Stopcode Stopcode is 0xc000021a. We have tried disabling Driver Enforcement, rolling back to the last known good install. To get the server to boot, we have to run DISM
How to get and install the update Method 1: Microsoft Update. This update is available from Microsoft Update. When you turn on automatic updating, this update will be downloaded and installed automatically. For more information about how to get security updates automatically, see Windows Update: FAQ. Method 2: Microsoft Update Catalog
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During the first search, one of the updates was Microsoft Security Essentials in two versions: 4.4.304 and 4.10.0209.0 (both called „Feature Pack”). I read on the Legacy Update website that I have to manually install the virus definitions, but I also read about a trick. x6XN.
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    • microsoft security essentials not updating